Hemivertebrae rad iograph9/4/2023 ![]() one vertebra being the equivalent size as two of the dog's normal vertebrae) on plain X-ray. (i) Block vertebrae - The malformations appear as fused vertebrae (i.e. X-ray can be taken to confirm the malformation. Puppies under one year of age showing signs of hind limb wobbliness and progressive paralysis are suspected of having congenital vertebral malformations unless otherwise proven. Condition is also more commonly seen in 'screw-tailed' breeds and affects lower back spine. (iv) Spina bifida - Clinical signs observed depend on the affected site of the spinal cord. Progressive paralysis and wobbly gait are also observed. (iii) Hemivertebrae - Condition is seen in 'screw-tailed' breeds and usually involves thoracolumbar spine. The top, below or only one side of vertebra may be affected which causes differences in spine curvatures. (ii) Butterfly vertebrae - Most commonly occurs in 'screw-tailed' breeds such as Boston Terriers, French Bulldogs and English Bulldogs. (i) Block vertebrae - Clinical signs are usually not observed as the fusion of vertebrae is quite stable. The degree and presentation of clinical signs may vary according to the type of malformation. (iv) Spina bifida - due to the absence of vertebral arches or the presence of a cleft in the middle of vertebral arch.ĭogs affected with congenital vertebral malformations usually do not show any obvious clinical signs. Signs include deviation of spine and progressive paralysis or wobbly gait caudal to the lesion in affected dogs under one year of age. (iii) Hemivertebrae - wedge shape vertebrae. (ii) Butterfly vertebrae - resulting from a cleft in the vertebrae. (i) Block vertebrae - resulting from fusion of two neighbouring vertebrae. Types of Congenital Vertebral Malformation The cause of malformations is unknown though it is strongly believed that the cause is genetic as certain types of malformation occur in specific dog breeds. Malalignment and/or instability of the spine resulting in spinal cord compression are/is caused by severe congenital vertebral malformations. ![]()
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